Introduction to Nivaldo PDF Books

Introduction to Nivaldo PDF BooksE-Book readers such as Nivaldo PDF are widely used by students and are used by professors in turn. There are different ways on how to choose the right one for your needs. One of the most popular is to go through and read about the qualities of each product. The following paragraphs will discuss some of the qualities of a quality Nivaldo PDF book reader.The company has several features and applications that make them stand out as being among the best in the industry, and many of their books are included with high quality resources. Their books are at par with industry standards and the company is always looking for ways to improve upon what they offer. Also, the products that they offer for sale are very affordable for any user. Another perk that the Nivaldo PDF books offer is the free internet access. If you are a student, it's not really necessary to pay for these features, but for the price it definitely is.The Nivaldo PDF reader is also compatible with other digital sources of information, such as iTunes and Google Docs. This means that anyone who purchases the Nivaldo PDF eBook reader can easily have access to their library on any source that they choose. They can just scan the reader and print out whatever information they need and have their books at their fingertips.Being an e-book reader is the greatest thing that ever happened to me. I can now take notes in class without having to carry around a pen and paper, and I have an extra copy of the chapter that I can use for reference.The design of the Nivaldo PDF E-Book Reader was one of the aspects that made me decide to get one. It's sleek, sturdy, and easy to use.In fact, when I first heard about the Nivaldo PDF e-Book Reader, I asked some of my coworkers if they knew anything about it. When they told me that they had tried it, I decided to give it a try. Boy, am I glad that I did.I use it for my schoolwork and work and I am able to stay in touch with my friends from schoo l and also those from college. It can also be used for my world travel, where I have an entire digital library that I can access on the flight, on the bus, and on the train.The Nivaldo PDF E-Book Reader is a product that is not for everyone, but for many it is worth the investment because of the many advantages it offers. There are so many ways that it can benefit a student, and I know that it will be something that I will be using forever.

How to Find a Chemistry Tutor Indiana State University in Bloomington, IN

How to Find a Chemistry Tutor Indiana State University in Bloomington, INFinding a Chemistry Tutor Indiana State University in Bloomington, IN can be quite a challenge. The campus is located across the street from one of the most popular travel destinations in the world: the Indianapolis International Airport. Being a major airport with an airport located right on campus makes it one of the most convenient places to visit.Chemistry is the science of matter, which deals with the study of atomic and molecular structure. In order to be able to do this job, you will need to have completed a Bachelor's degree in chemistry. Aside from the normal courses in chemistry, you will also have to take advanced and comprehensive classes in it.You will find that many different courses are offered at various levels from Bachelor's degrees to Master's degree, even in order to specialize in specific areas of the field. Taking all of these courses are important for any person who wants to be a Chemist. The additional courses to complete will make it easier for you to become a great Chemist and be able to do the job you desire.Some of the colleges that offer Chemistry classes include Purdue University, Indiana University Health. These institutions have different departments that specialize in different areas. It is always a good idea to check out the listing on the internet in order to determine which college to choose, or which program is suitable for you.The Indiana State University Chemistry Tutor program is an accredited one. That means that the curriculum is set up to offer you the best opportunities to learn and apply the knowledge you have acquired through your previous studies. The courses offered at Indiana State University are considered to be academically rigorous.They also offer a Teacher Certification program, which is similar to the Master's Degree and above in terms of grades and education background. It is also very easy to get a Teaching Certification from the Univ ersity. If you would like to start a career in teaching, you can take your certificate and submit it to your state licensing board to become a licensed teacher.If you are thinking about going back to school, you may want to think about getting a Bachelor's degree. After all, a Bachelor's degree will give you the best options to get a better job and be recognized as a better Chemist.

Extrapolation Definition Chemistry

Extrapolation Definition ChemistryExtrapolation Definition Chemistry is a set of learning objectives to be attained by individuals interested in studying chemistry as a science, and for students interested in pursuing a career in chemistry. The objectives are based on six main categories and consist of four general branches of study, and several sub branches. The objective is to learn the basics of all aspects of the study of chemical elements and compounds.Definitions of the various scientific and technical terms used in a course of study must be mastered before starting a course. This means that students should be well versed with both the key and alternative spellings of the words used in the course material. It should also be clear what the meaning of the word is intended to convey.All terms that will be mentioned in a course should be given definition and the definition of the term as used in each section. In order to ensure that a student is familiar with the terms in the cours e material, these should be stated in clear, simple and concise language.Basic Principles of Chemistry is one of the biggest aspects of this program, and it includes explanations of the essential aspects of the basics of chemistry. It is important that students understand and follow these explanations. It is also good to have an understanding of what the various concepts are and how they work. They should also be well familiar with the general properties of all elements that form compounds.Specific Chemistry and Computational Chemistry are an area that a student must master before starting a course. In this subject, the student will be introduced to the principles of computational chemistry, which is the scientific and numerical analysis of molecules and their properties. The equations that these simulations use will also be explained in detail. As the student progresses through this subject, he or she will learn to develop models of compounds, and will be able to analyze the proper ties of various elements to which they are to be compared.Courses in Properties of Matter is another important part of this course. This consists of the analysis of the properties of matter and how it can be studied. The materials will also be examined in a theoretical manner, so that students will be able to gain an understanding of the laws governing the properties of matter.Degrees in Extrapolation Definition Chemistry must be completed in order to be certified. Students who do not complete these degrees will not be eligible to pursue a PhD, nor will they be permitted to teach other students in the subject. These degrees are similar to those that can be earned in certain other areas of study and are obtained through special courses within a specific study program.

What you look while choosing online tutoring services

What you look while choosing online tutoring services 0SHARESShare Well, many people are looking for online tutoring services these days. They are much more interested in sharpening their skills in an effective manner, in a much more affordable option available on internet. No matter, what subject they want at their tips. With online tutoring services, a few built in costs are required to attend at the learner’s home. The learners who choose for online tutors have big list of service providers. The pool of potential students, as anticipated, is many times larger irrespective of the place. Before you start finding the right tutoring service for you, you need to be very clear regarding your requirements. If you need some homework, help or supervision of informal studies then you could approach those college students who are skilled enough to provide you free online Tutoring service. Make sure, these tutors have ability to communicate and can teach you efficiently. They must have the caliber to encourage you to stay with the program for long. Maybe the tutors you have hired for your child have awe aspiring skills who could keep your child at the top of learning. [starbox id=admin]

Jazz Guitar

Jazz Guitar Why You Should Learn How to Play Jazz Guitar ChaptersThe History of JazzJazz Guitar SpecificsThe Particulars of Playing a Jazz GuitarPlaying Jazz GuitarTaking Jazz Guitar LessonsJazz music is often hailed as an original American art form.It was born of slavery, played on unconventional instruments such as washboards, earthen jugs and boxes. In its earliest incarnations, it consisted of call-and-response vocals, a pattern of communication common of slaves working in the fields.Today, we can still hear such homophonic melodies in Gospel music, where the soloist or vocal leader follows one melody and the chorus, a different â€" maybe slower one.When jazz music emerged in the late 19th century, no slave would be given or permitted to have a guitar; that instrument was a much later addition to the genre.Jazz music has gone through several incarnations since American slaves celebrated a good harvest by putting on a show in Congo Square in New Orleans.Your Superprof wants to take you to the American south, to a time when a new type of music was emerging; a musical style that would come to be associated with class and distinction.No need for a passport or packing a bag; this journey into the past is intellectual, not physical. PeterGuitar Teacher £12/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors EdgarGuitar Teacher 5.00 (8) £30/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors PaulGuitar Teacher 5.00 (12) £18/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors DanielGuitar Teacher 5.00 (3) £40/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors ToddGuitar Teacher 4.75 (4) £35/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors SamueleGuitar Teacher 5.00 (5) £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors KurtGuitar Teacher 5.00 (3) £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors RyanGuitar Teacher £30/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutorsThe History of JazzMuch as the slaveowners tried to stamp it out, they could not dissuade their ‘property’ from upholding and expressing their spiritual beliefs, often in a language unknown.So it came to be tha t displaced west Africans, working in the fields of Georgia, Alabama and Louisiana would chant their way through work. And, if there was a cause for celebration â€" maybe the birth of a child or the end of the harvest, singing and dancing would be permitted. These days, many Gospel choirs have a guitar player to accompany them in song Image by Samuele Schirò from PixabayOne way that slave owners attempted to dissuade ‘secret’ communication in the slaves’ own language was to force them to speak English and make them attend church â€" not to worship their own deities but the Christian God.This mandate gave rise to Gospel music and its secular counterpoint, the Blues, both of which were a pleasing form of entertainment to white ears that permitted further musical exploration by the black population in America.Out of public squares in New Orleans, specifically Congo Square, those early jazz performers caught strains of French quadrilles being played. That led to to the incorporation of brass instruments into the unique brand of music.Later, a form of piano-dominant music called Ragtime, played in heavily black population further north made its way down south. Soon, this style of music too was incorporated into what would be a defining musical movement.It wasn’t until the early 20th century that the guitar would feature into any jazz music; the instrument’s warm tones simply couldn’t compete with the brassiness of the horns and the pounding of the piano.In 1923, the Gibson L5 acoustic archtop guitar found its home in jazz.Jazz guitarists like Eddie Lang were thrilled to finally have an instrument to play chords with greater complexity that wouldn’t jar with the warm bass notes, as the banjo did.The 1920s through the 30s became the Age of Jazz. It blended seamlessly with Swing and Big Band music and the guitar was an integral part of the rhythm section.The electric guitar had as yet not been invented; acoustically, the guitar still could not compete with the saxes and trumpets. Still, some Big Bands permitted short guitar solos; it was during those times that guitarists such as Django Reinhardt and Charlie Christian got their turn to shine.After the Second World War, jazz music reinvented itself. Gone were the big bands; say hello to intimate quartets and combos. Coincidentally, early forays into electric guitars meant that jazz guitarists could have their turn in the spotlight.As electric guitars continued to improve, so did the players of those instruments.In the hands of Joe Pass, Wes Montgomery and Jim Hall, the jazz guitar explored a wider range of tones and moods; indeed, it is those three guitar players who established what is now known as jazz guitar playing. Jazz chords are a bit more intricate to play Image by Casey Budd from PixabayJazz Guitar SpecificsYou might intuit that one can play jazz licks on any guitar.While that may be true â€" you could even riff off a few notes on an amped-up Stratocaster, it takes a specific type of guitar to achieve that unique jazz sound.The guitar of choice for jazz guitarists is the full-depth, archtop guitar.Archtops are acoustic guitars with steel strings and a floating bridge. They boast a large soundbox â€" thanks in part to their arched tops and f-holes, such as those found on the violin.Archtops are electric guitars; they may have magnetic or piezoelectric pickups to transmit their sound. Players will often set their guitar’s amplifier to give their instrument a certain tone, depending on the piece being played.Reverb effects, built-in on guitar amplifiers, often feature in jazz guitar but it wasn’t until the jazz fusion era of the 70s that jazz guitarists started using pedal effects: wahs, c horus and overdrive pedals.There are other types of guitars that certain jazz players favour or that certain types of jazz call for, for instance, Latin jazz players would favour nylon strings while flat-top steel-stringed guitars have been used in ‘acoustic shredding’ by artists such as Al Di Meola and Larry Coryell.Did you know that jazz guitarists Lenny Breau and Howard Alden play seven-string guitars? This type of guitar is usually used to play metal music...rock guitarists prefer to use alternate tunings such as Drop-D.Jazz guitarists are no different in that respect; they usually use ‘regular’ tuning â€" not the same as standard tuning: regular tuning implies that all of the strings are tuned to an even interval.Another popular jazz tuning is called All Fourths: each string is set exactly a fourth apart. When playing a guitar thus-tuned, the fretboard feels easier to navigate, especially when improvising.Jazz music is full of improvised licks and unusual arpeggios. If you are the lead guitarist, you would likely prefer the All Fourths tuning method precisely so your fingers can move more nimbly across the frets.There are, of course, other tuning methods; some are as popular as All Fourths. You may want to try Major Third regular tuning, for instance, to see how that sounds and feels when you play. Early jazz musicians favoured this Gibson ES-175 Source: Wikipedia Credit: MyttoPlaying Jazz GuitarIt goes without saying that you have to have a fair measure of proficiency in playing the guitar to begin playing jazz guitar.And, once you do make the leap from guitarist to jazz guitarist, you should determine your playing style:Big Band Rhythm: a rhythm role, usually plays four strums per bar with some improvisation allowedthis type of playing is mostly gone from the music scene today.Small-Group Comping (short for accompanying): uses many inversions rather than standard voicingsChord-melody: the guitarist arranges the entire piece and plays melody, harmony and bass.Chords may be sparsely played; generally, a pick is usedUnaccompanied soloing: fingerstyle is emphasised but hybrid picking is also permitted‘Blowing’: also called single-note soloing, it involves maintaining the chord but picking an improvised noteChord soloing: involves improvising chords and melody simultaneously, usually on the upper-register strings.Clearly, these are but brief descriptions of complex styles of playing that call for some guitar instruction…Taking Jazz Guitar LessonsIf you have never played the guitar before, you would certainly need to learn guitar basics before you contemplate learning how to play jazz guitar.You have several options for learning how to play the guitar: you might choose online guitar lessons or, if you are what’s known as an autodidact â€" someone who can learn on their own, you might find a guitar instruction channel on YouTube to your liking.In spite of any ability you might have for learning on your own, we would really encourage you to seek out a guitar instructor.Such a teacher can show you the right way to play; give you pointers on how to take care of your instrument and yourself so that you don’t sustain any injury while playing â€" something that happens more often than you might think.Private guitar lessons can be costly… unless you learn the guitar with a Superprof guitar tutor.Superprof has hundreds of guitar teachers all around the UK, capable of teaching all types of guitar playing. Most are happy to give lessons online via webcam while others would prefer to work with you in the same room.You may certainly find guitar lessons in school, in a conservatory or through your local community centre but, if you were looking for personalised instruction, tailored to the guitarist you aspire to be, you couldn’t do better than Superprof!Now find out how you too can learn how to play flamenco guitar...

How Many Private Classes Must I Take To Learn Arabic

How Many Private Classes Must I Take To Learn Arabic How Many Arabic Lessons Are Required to Master This Semitic Language? ChaptersThe Reasons for Learning ArabicHow Long Does It Take to Learn Arabic?: Each Student Is DifferentHow to Learn Arabic Fast Depends on the Quality of Your TeacherThe volume of private lessons also depends on your ambitionsLearning a language is always expensive, and taking private lessons to learn to speak Arabic also costs quite a bit.It is a financial and personal investment as you will be spending part of you salary on Arabic classes, as well as dedicating part of your leisure time to the process.As a result, each student expects to receive rapid and significant results from their private teacher in return for the money spent.It's stupid, but it's like that: when you pay for something, you often expect a satisfactory return on your investment.You may be one of those wondering how long you will have to pay for private Arabic tuition to learn the Arabic alphabet, or to learn to read and write Arabic script.There is no miracle recipe. Learning Arabic - like any other discipline, linguistic or musical - responds to several factors:The motivation and the time devoted to itThe budget that is mobilizedThe cognitive dispositions of eachHere are our tips for finding out how many private lessons you will need to get a good level in Arabic.First and foremost, you need to know why you're going to get a private teacher before taking your first lesson.Learning the language of Ishmael nowadays has more and more benefits. Many possibilities open up to you personal, social and professional levels.Learning Arabic extends your geographical and professional mobilitySo why take private Arabic lessons?Because speaking Arabic literature makes it possible to have conversations with the populations in most of the Arabic-speaking countries without going into English.Speaking Arabic, the world's fifth most spoken language, and an official language in more than twenty countries, opens up professional opportunities (diplomacy, trade, tourism, advanced technologies, etc.).Speaking A rabic also makes it possible to become a teacher and give private lessons (on Superprof, for example), or teach in private or public schools.Knowledge of Egyptian Arabic - the most widely spoken Arabic dialect - helps us to understand Arabic language and culture.Learning modern standard Arabic, like any other dialects, stimulates your cognitive abilities and delays the onset of neurodegenerative pathologies.The study of Arabic exists at the university level and contributes to the development of the students' abilities of concentration, rigor and reflexive skills.Thus, extending one's linguistic skills from childhood improves one's academic performanceToday, Arabic represents and carries the legacy of the great civilizations of the Middle East.Knowing how to speak Arabic helps to understand history and to acquire a greater general knowledge.At the crossroads of civilizations (Europe, Asia, Africa), speaking Arabic can be seen as a strategic asset.Speaking Arabic can help new immigran ts to you country integrate into society if you can communicate with them in their native language.Arabic is the source of great philosophical, scientific and literary movements throughout history.If you are from a Muslim family, learning Arabic can represent being closer to an Islamic education that brings you closer to the culture of your ancestors and to share their stories.There are, therefore, many reasons for learning the Arabic language.The list is not exhaustive and it is possible to learn Arabic by different means:At school or in high school, in language schools, private lessons, online Arabic classes, talking to relatives of whom Arabic is the mother tongue, etc.Now that we know that it is good to learn this idiom shared by more than 270 million people in the Arab world, how many private courses should we take to speak it well?How Long Does It Take to Learn Arabic?: Each Student Is DifferentIt is difficult to quantify the volume of courses needed to learn to speak Arabic w ell. But it is well known, we are not all equally efficient in learning languages.For some, one or two years of courses will be enough, while for others it will take up to three or four years.It all depends on the age at which you start Arabic classes, the skills of each person, motivation, and what you do with your lessons: whether you work regularly or not, wether you practice in an Arabic speaking country, etc.If the student is highly motivated, they will learn faster and will require less Arabic lessons than another person.The Class Frequency Varies According to Each Person's Cognitive AbilitiesEveryone wants to make the most out of their Arabic language lessons. But some pupils learn faster than others, from the early days of kindergarten.Since we do not all have the same cognitive predispositions, some people will need more lessons than others in order to learn to speak Arabic with a good level.If you want to get an introduction to the Arabic language, one hour a week for your Arabic course London is the minimum required, if only to learn pronunciation, phonetics and some Arabic words.This is the minimum for anyone who wants to fully optimize their learning experience.The Arabic dialect is very complex and the process of assimilation can be long. First, learn the Arabic alphabet, pronunciation, and learn to read and write Arabic.The learner will have to learn Arabic grammar. Finally, assimilating Arabic words will be used to understand the reading of Arabic.For students who want an intensive program of Arabic private lessons to help pass high school tests, exams or job interviews, they will have to multiply their efforts and have more hours of language learning.The Frequency of Private Lessons Varies According to Your MotivationLike piano or guitar lessons, taking Arabic lessons requires an investment and an important workload.There are techniques and advice to work your Arabic between two courses and keep yourself motivated.It is important to regularly revise your private lessons during the week, from the beginning of the school year to the holidays.Better to do the exercises given by the teacher for half an hour a day or an hour every two days rather than the same day as the private class.Learning a language, such as Arabic, must always be above all a pleasure.As soon as it becomes a hassle, even if it has been a long day, then you have to stop because the courses are very likely to become inefficient in terms of progress made, and you would be wasting your time and money.So you have to be motivated, but you still have to find a good Arabic teacher ...How to Learn Arabic Fast Depends on the Quality of Your TeacherThe necessary number of language courses that will allow you to acquire a good level of Arabic to speak like an Egyptian or a Moroccan, will depend on your linguistic progress rate.As a result, this varies depending on the teacher you have.Having a good Arabic teacher will speed up the learning process.If they are a nati ve teacher, whose mother tongue is Arabic, they will be able to teach you modern standard Arabic as it is practiced in his country of origin.This can be considerably time saving compared to an American university student offering his services.Also, the method and pedagogy used by your Arabic tutor will strongly impact your learning pace and level. The price of Arabic classes also depends on the professor's experience.A good Arabic teacher is a teacher who meets their student's expectations and is someone who loves to convey, explain, and teach.Since the private lesson is a privileged moment where the tutor takes care of their learner and not of a whole group, it is important that the teacher is attentive to the needs of their pupil.Ask your teacher to have conversations in Arabic during the course. This should significantly boost your level of oral expression.Finally, assimilation may be slower if the teacher improperly teaches his private courses: if his level of knowledge of the A rabic language is low and he offers courses for adults, you may be disappointed.So the volume of language courses to be taught to learn how to speak Arabic also depends on the level of your teacher.But normally, he will have three to five years of practice, or more, than his or her pupil. This is the case on Superprof, where professors are all native or experienced, or both.The volume of private lessons also depends on your ambitionsIt is also according to your personal goals that you will set the schedule of your private Arabic language courses.  It is your ambitions that command the volume of Arabic lessons you will require from your teacher.In the end, the number of private lessons you order from your Arabic teacher also depends on your personal goals:If you have an Arabic exam to pass in the near future and you have to practice, intensive courses for five or six hours a week will probably help you.Choose the best teacher; a native or a graduate in Arabic language and literature. If you plan to become bilingual, you will need a lot of hours, perhaps intensive courses of three or four hours per week.If you're aiming for an intermediate level, good but no more, then maybe one hour a week will be enough.If you are learning Arabic just for your enjoyment and your general knowledge, but with no professional goal and becoming bilingual is the least of your worries, perhaps a one hour and thirty minutes class every two weeks will correspond to your needs.In order to improve your level in Arabic, you can also go abroad to take your private lessons in a language school.Go to Cairo in Egypt, Rabat, Morocco or Beirut in Lebanon to learn modern standard Arabic.The Sprachcaffe school offers a quality teaching team to teach Arabic to foreigners, to assimilate this dialect quickly and in a pleasant way.Last resort, leave for an Arabic-speaking country in the Maghreb for a stay of several months (Morocco, Tunisia, Qatar, or wherever Arabic is the official language).You will then be in a linguistic and cultural immersion among Arabs. A great way to work on your vocabulary and pronunciation, and much quicker than private classes at home!Know that you can also learn Arabic online, if you have neither the means to subscribe to private lessons, nor to travel to Rabat, Cairo or Beirut.Whatever it is, studying even basic Arabic so that you have some phrases, expressions and Arabic verbs so that you have a conversational level will look great on your resumé. And if you want to study classical Arabic further to get a better understanding of the Quran, you will stand out even further.Have you determined your optimal course volume according to your linguistic objectives, and your preferred structure that will put you in contact with the best professors?Well then you just need to get started!

The Two Weak Spots in Career Planning - Introvert Whisperer

Introvert Whisperer / The Two Weak Spots in Career Planning - Introvert Whisperer The Two Weak Spots in Career Planning When it comes to Career Planning, most people don’t actually have a plan.   Planning your career must be one of those things like doing taxes only without government accountability, as it seems to be fairly common.   It’s also why I spend so much time nagging you to have one.   If I don’t, who will? If that sounds like you to any degree, I’d like to issue a challenge.   Instead of waiting to “shape things up” with your career plan for some flimsy reason: Start now. You can easily use this coming week and weekend to sit down and figure out what your next couple of steps need to be and how to get you where you want to go. This week is as good as any other because if you delay now, you’ll never get to it. There are two weak spots with any endeavor: Starting â€" more people than you’d realize talk a good game but never take the first couple of steps to get started. My philosophy on starting is to start right now.   I think if you delay it can cause you to lose focus and get distracted by other things.   To quote a friend: “Do this before your head hits the pillow tonight.” Finishing â€" In the knitting world there is the term “U.F.O.” It is an Unfinished Object.   There’s actually an acronym for not finishing things you start.   Oftentimes, we do get started but we don’t finish for various reasons.   Maybe we lose our inspiration or something comes up.   My tip for finishing is to plan to get sidetracked and build in some accountability.   The best accountability plan is to have someone keep you accountable but if that doesn’t work for you try putting reminders on your computer. Trust me, you’re not going to miss anything critical by taking the step of planning and the actions you have planned.   When you’re done, you’ll be more focused and actually have a destination to work toward. Go to top Do you know what your next career step is?  Many people don’t. I want to help you accelerate your career by connecting you with your Free Instant Access to my eBook on how to construct your Career SMART Goals â€" that will help you put together your actions and keep you accountable. Get your copy now and start your action plan today! Brought to you by Dorothy Tannahill-Moran â€" dedicated to unleashing your professional potential. Introvert Whisperer

How To Prep For AP Exams

How To Prep For AP Exams Over the next two weeks, close to 2 million students will be taking the College Board Advanced Placement (AP) exams. Covering subjects ranging from Art History to Macroeconomics to Statistics, AP exams (and their corresponding AP classes) give high school students opportunities to take rigorous classes while earning college credit by successfully passing the exams. Here are some pointers to help you get through the next two weeks of grueling exams: 1. Read over the official Course Description booklets The College Board has course booklets for each of its AP exams. Browsing over the course booklet is a great way to ensure that your AP class teacher or your prep books have not missed any big topics that the college board has designated as part of the AP exam. The booklets also outline rules for each exam, such as the policies for calulator use on the mathematics AP exams (calculators with QWERTY keyboards are not allowed). See the Calculus AB Course Description as an example of the great information that is provided for each AP exam. 2. Get enough sleep and be mentally prepapred AP exams take up half a day, and you have to be able to sit down and focus for 3 to 4 hours. If you're scheduled to take two exams on the same day, such as U.S. History in the morning followed by European History in the afternoon, it is even more important to be well-rested for the full day's worth of testing. Avoid caffeine late at night if you know drinking coffee or tea makes you restless. Wear comfortable clothing for the exams, as you won't be allowed to leave your testing room. It's already a challenge trying to remember all the antiderivatives and limit rules for that Calculus AB exam, so keep all distractions to a minimum. The exams rated the hardest are often U.S. History, Physics, and Spanish, so be very well prepared if you are taking any of those three tests. 3. Bring your supplies The AP exams' multiple choice sections require you to bubble in answers on a scantron, so have plenty of pencils on hand! For the free-response sections, bring pens as well, so your writing can be clear and easy to read. Legibility may not be part of the official grading rubric, but you still want to make it as easy as possible for your graders to read that essay you sweated over. Lastly, bring a watch to wear or to simply put on your desk. You may not be familiar with your testing room's layout (clock? no clock?), and being able to keep track of time will help your pacing through each section. Once a section is finished, you are not allowed to go back, so giving each question a serious attempt is important. More than 90% of the colleges across the nation have some sort of AP policy, granting credit and/or class placement to students who achieve designated scores on AP exams. This could mean fewer classes you have to take in college, resulting in thousands of dollars saved.

A Guitarists Guide to Odd Time Signatures

A Guitarists Guide to Odd Time Signatures Megan L. Do you know how to count music in odd time signatures? Guitar teacher  Joe L.  breaks down the basics that guitarists need to know about playing in unusual times Timing is something that most guitarists have to pick up early in playing music. Playing in time is very important; it may be the most important quality and skill you can develop and improve upon as you continue learning to play guitar. If youre looking at a piece of music, the time signature is the two numbers that look like a fraction at the beginning of the piece. These numbers tell you how to count time in the piece youre going to play. The two most popular time signatures are 4/4 (1-2-3-4) and 3/4 (1-2-3-1-2-3).  People can naturally follow along with these time signatures, but what happens when the timing is different? Many newer musicians can get lost trying to play along with others who are playing in an odd time like 7/8. But there are some simple tricks you can do to play in time with strange grooves. Time Signatures in 5 For example, when playing in 5/4, you can count (1-2-3-4-5), (1-2-1-2-3) or (1-2-3-1-2).   By doing so, you will break down the structure to the timing, and you can then split it into two parts: 1-2 and then 1-2-3 (or the other way around: 1-2-3 and then 1-2). Youll find the groove in there somewhere (depending on how the music that youre playing goes) by recognizing where the accent is (the beat that gets stressed or emphasized) in the song. You can get very imaginative when breaking the rhythm down, such as (1-2-3-4-1). Here are some examples of popular songs in 5. Halloween Theme (Main Title) (from Halloween) by John Carpenter Mission Impossible Theme by Lalo Schifrin Time Signatures in 7 In 7/8, you can break the rhythm down into (1-2-3-1-2-1-2) or (1-2-1-2-1-2-3).  You can also use (1-2-3-1-2-3-1) or (1-2-1-2-1-1-2).  Again, listen for the accent notes to figure out how to break up your counts.   Get creative on how you can break these rhythms down; my examples arent the only methods. Below are a couple of popular tunes in 7. Dreaming in Metaphors by Seal Die To Live by Steve Vai With other times, such as 11, you can break them down in multiple ways, for example (1-2-3-4-1-2-3-4-1-2-3), (1-2-3-1-2-3-4-1-2-3-4) or (1-2-3-4-1-2-3-1-2-3-4). A suggestion to getting better playing in odd times is to use a metronome in the time youre trying to learn. Or, you can look up drum tracks in odd times online, and play with them until you start finding yourself feeling the rhythm and playing in the groove. These unusual time signatures arent found too often, but when they are used, they can be the most recognizable pieces youve heard. Before you try to tackle these odd times with chords and scales, try muting the strings and work it out until you feel these grooves. It helps a lot to tackle only the rhythm first before trying to incorporate the chords. Once you feel comfortable strumming in odd time signatures, you can then start adding in chords and scales to really start jamming! Good luck! For more help learning the basics of guitar, taking lessons from a private teacher is the best way to improve. Find your guitar teacher now! Joe L. teaches guitar lessons in New York, NY. He has been teaching guitar for 15 years and in his teaching he focuses on breaking down music theory to make learning music easy and accessible for all his students. Learn more about Joe here.   Interested in Private Lessons? Search thousands of teachers for local and live, online lessons. Sign up for convenient, affordable private lessons today! Search for Your Teacher Photo by  Jen Gallardo